Products

12mm Planetary Roller Screw

Screen load, torque and speed now. Use the sourced guide below to compare planetary nut options and prepare a drawing review.

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Screen your 12mm duty point

Live results below: speed, torque, single-nut fatigue life and structural limits. All duty inputs are required; defaults are an example.

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Duty inputs and configuration

Steady axial load during motion; use full spectrum for variable duties. Range: 0 or 0.1–100,000 N.

Includes acceleration, dynamic spikes & holding force; must be >= running load. Range: 0 or 0.1–100,000 N.

Rotational speed magnitude. 0 indicates stationary holding. Range: 0 or 0.1–20,000 RPM.

Worst-case distance between shaft bearing centers, not stroke. Range: 20–2,000 mm.

Nut linear travel. Bearing span must exceed working stroke. Range: 0.1–1,000 mm.

Moving time / total elapsed operational time. Range: 1–100 %.

12 × 4 mm · More travel per revolution

Preloaded split nut withholds basic life formula; contact engineering.

Determines Euler buckling factor fk (2.046) and whirling factor fkr (1.77).

Calculations are preliminary engineering screening evaluations. Third-party Rollvis RV ratings are benchmarks, not MicroRollerScrew product guarantees. Every peak load is conservatively treated as compression. Shaft material, journal geometry, preload and bearings require drawing review.

Preparing the calculator. Enable JavaScript for live results, or use the reference tables and contact link below.

Clicking "Email Sizing Brief" launches your default mail client with structured application parameters. Attach CAD or envelope drawings directly in your email.

What the screen can tell you

Prepared by Micro Roller Screw. Created (repository record). Evidence reviewed . Catalog editions are identified below; current availability and application approval remain to be confirmed.

Match the nut architecture first

The four RV benchmark leads below have separate single- and split-nut ratings. A split nut requires preload data before fatigue life can be evaluated.

Evidence and limits →

Treat RPM as a screening limit

The catalog dn ceiling is reduced by shaft whirling, bearing limits and loaded dynamics. A nominal 12mm diameter alone does not establish operating speed.

Evidence and limits →

Do not infer positioning accuracy from preload

Nut preload, shaft stretch, bearing compliance and housing stiffness all affect lost motion. The calculator reports shaft-only stiffness; full assembly stiffness is unknown.

Evidence and limits →

Review the actual motion cycle

Constant-load fatigue life does not predict short-stroke wear, shock damage or lubricant life. Provide the complete force/speed spectrum and environment for selection.

Evidence and limits →

Planetary mechanism and actuator packaging

A standard planetary assembly uses a central threaded shaft, orbiting threaded rollers and a surrounding nut. This page focuses on the traveling-nut planetary layout. The broader 12mm miniature guide covers general packaging selection; an inverted architecture needs its own nut and rotor envelope review.

Standard planetary mechanism — conceptual sectionSurrounding threaded nutThreaded rollerCentral shaft · nominal 12 mmThreaded rollerEnd gearingEnd gearing
End gearing synchronizes threaded rollers between the shaft and nut. Shapes do not specify roller count, thread geometry or manufacturing dimensions.
Actuator load path — conceptual packagingMotor + couplingThrust bearingsNut + guided outputRotational input → axial load transfer → guided travelHousing / bearing reaction carries the return force
A 12mm shaft does not define the actuator outer diameter. Size motor, bearings, nut, housing and guide interfaces from the drawing and actual duty.

Rollvis handbook, printed pp. 2–4 provides the architecture context. These schematics do not establish nut dimensions, shock endurance or a buildable actuator diameter.

Four sourced RV 12mm reference configurations

These are third-party benchmarks, not a MicroRollerScrew stock specification. Ca is a dynamic fatigue rating; C0a is a static rating, not a recommended continuous working load. Confirm the selected nut arrangement before applying either value.

Rollvis RV product tables, printed p. 24: selected single-nut and split-nut ratings; direct efficiency. Checked 2026-10-31.
Lead (mm/rev)Single Ca / C0a (kN)Split Ca / C0a (kN)Direct ηRoot d2 (mm)
113.6 / 257.5 / 12.578%11.89
214.6 / 26.98 / 13.486%11.81
417.2 / 27.29.5 / 13.689%11.6
518.1 / 27.39.9 / 13.689%11.49
Rollvis RV product tables, printed p. 24: selected single-nut and split-nut ratings; direct efficiency. Checked 2026-10-31.

Open the original ratings (printed p. 24) and root dimensions (printed p. 25). The 12×5 single-nut row lists maximum axial backlash of 0.05 mm; a universal 0.01–0.03 mm claim would be incorrect. Actual supplied play must be specified.

Reproduce the calculation and understand its limits

Calculation definitions used by the live tool. F and Fpeak in N, P and L in mm, n in RPM.
OutputFormulaAssumption / missing data
Velocityv = n × P / 60 (mm/s)Constant commanded rotational speed.
Load-only torqueT = F × P / (2000πη) (N·m)Catalog direct efficiency; no preload drag, seals, acceleration or motor inertia.
Shaft input powerW = T × 2πn / 60Mechanical input power, not motor electrical input.
Single-nut nominal lifeL10 = (Ca / F)³ (million rev)Nonzero constant load; valid lubrication and alignment assumed.
Life in hoursh = L10 × 10⁶ / (60n)Nonzero speed; elapsed estimate = h / (duty / 100).
Static factors0 = C0a / FpeakTool flags s0 < 2; this is a local screening target, not a universal standard.
Buckling allowancePk / 2.5; Pk = fkπ²EI / L²; I = πd2⁴/64Solid root section, E = 206,000 MPa; all peak thrust treated as compression. Factor 2.5 is a tool assumption.
Speed ceilingmin(0.8 × 108×10⁶ × 12 × fkr / L², 160000 / 12)Zero axial load whirling estimate; does not certify loaded dynamics.
Calculation definitions used by the live tool. F and Fpeak in N, P and L in mm, n in RPM.

Rollvis handbook, printed pp. 11–15 explains nominal life, compliance, speed and drive torque. The Euler/root-section calculation and 2.5 buckling factor here are explicit preliminary model choices, not the catalog’s own permissible-buckling formula.

Default inputs produce 120 mm/s, 2.504 N·m, 471.9 W and 1,099 running hours. The duty-adjusted estimate is 1,831 elapsed hours at 60% moving duty. It does not model idle-time damage or calendar service life.

12mm planetary roller screw calculator default results: 120 mm/s, 2.504 N·m and 1,099 running hours
Software capture, 2026-10-31: RV 12×4 single nut, running / peak load 3,500 / 8,000 N, 1,800 RPM, 190 mm span, 120 mm stroke and 60% moving duty. Reproduce with Reset to Defaults. This records software arithmetic, not a physical test or customer result. Cropped to the result panel; site navigation is outside the crop.

Request a drawing review using these inputs. If a peak is repeated during motion, its effect must enter a revolution-weighted equivalent load spectrum. Entering only a lower “running” force can overestimate fatigue life. Split-nut life is withheld until both nut halves’ internal loads are known.

Span, compression and speed are coupled

Bearing span and working stroke are different inputsL: unsupported bearing spanS: working strokeSupport ASupport BNut
L is the free shaft length used by the structural screen; S is nut travel. Drawing clearance also includes the nut body, journals, bearing packs and overtravel.
Calculated span comparison — fixed–supported 12×4Separate quantities; no shared force / speed axisSpan (mm)Buckling allowance (kN)Speed ceiling (RPM)15065.713,33330016.413,3334507.39,062
Exact model outputs, not test results. Both uncapped structural limits vary with 1/L²; the RPM ceiling also applies the catalog dn cap. No common ‘safe zone’ is implied by comparing force and speed.
Support factors used in this preliminary model; ideal end constraints are assumed.
SupportEuler fkWhirling fkr
Fixed–supported (classic servo assembly)2.0461.77
Fixed–fixed (maximum buckling & critical speed)42.57
Supported–supported (pinned ends)11.13
Fixed–free (cantilevered actuator)0.250.4
Support factors used in this preliminary model; ideal end constraints are assumed.

The structural model uses ideal Euler end conditions; whirling factors follow handbook printed p. 13. Real bearings, reduced journals and load paths can lower these estimates. The nut is not counted as a radial shaft support. At high compression, obtain a coupled dynamic calculation even if the zero-load RPM check is clear.

Stroke is nut travel; span is the free shaft length used by the structural screen. Span must exceed stroke, but that alone does not prove packaging clearance: allow for nut length, bearings, journals and overtravel. Fixed–free arrangements need the actual free length from the fixed support.

Separate shaft stiffness from axis accuracy

Whole-axis stiffness requires all component compliancesShaftEA/L estimateNutUnknownBearingsUnknownHousingUnknown1/Kaxis = 1/Kshaft + 1/Knut + 1/Kbearings + 1/Khousing
This is a compliance chain, not a measured preload curve. Only shaft EA/L is calculated. Nut, bearing and housing stiffness must be supplied at the relevant operating load.
Illustrative shaft-only stiffness, RV 12×4 root d2 = 11.60 mm, E = 206 GPa. These are calculations, not measured assembly stiffness.
Loaded length (mm)Shaft EA/L (N/µm)Assembly stiffness / backlash
100217.7Unknown: requires nut, bearing and housing data
200108.9Unknown: requires nut, bearing and housing data
30072.6Unknown: requires nut, bearing and housing data
Illustrative shaft-only stiffness, RV 12×4 root d2 = 11.60 mm, E = 206 GPa. These are calculations, not measured assembly stiffness.

The series-compliance relation is 1/Kaxis = 1/Kshaft + 1/Knut + 1/Kbearings + 1/Khousing. It requires actual component stiffness at operating load and preload. This tool assumes loaded shaft length equals span and reports only EA/L; the actual length varies with nut position and support arrangement. It makes no assembly stiffness or positioning guarantee.

Handbook printed p. 12 distinguishes component compliance. Catalog rigidity factors are not constant N/µm values and cannot be substituted as a fixed nut spring.

Free thermal expansion — explicit illustrationReference lengthFreely expanded length · change exaggeratedΔL = α × L × ΔT = 70.2 µm
Assumed α = 11.7×10⁻⁶ /K, L = 200 mm and ΔT = 30°C give 70.2 µm free growth. This is not a predicted temperature or restrained bearing load; pretension needs a separate thermal and mounting review.

Thermal illustration: assuming α = 11.7×10⁻⁶ /K, a 200 mm freely expanding shaft grows 70.2 µm for an assumed 30°C rise. The calculator does not predict temperature or restrained thermal force. If both ends are constrained, review housing expansion, bearing loads and assembly tension together; do not apply an automatic pretension recipe.

Compare mechanisms using matched specifications

Conceptual contact comparison — no capacity scaleBall / raceway contactThreaded roller contactsCompare selected catalog ratings at matched lead and preload
Roller threads provide multiple distributed contacts; ball screws have ball/raceway contacts. Real contact patches depend on profile and load. Neither geometry alone establishes a fixed load or life multiplier.
Architecture comparison. No matched ball-screw or inverted-screw ratings were verified; numeric superiority ratios are therefore not asserted.
Decision dimensionStandard planetaryBall screwInverted roller screw
Contact / motionMultiple threaded roller contacts; synchronized RV layoutBall/raceway contacts; return path depends on designThreaded roller contacts; rotating nut integration depends on design
Load and lifeUse the exact selected nut ratingObtain the exact diameter, lead and preload ratingObtain the exact nut and shaft rating
PackagingReview moving nut, flange and screw endsReview nut and ball-return envelopeReview rotor, long nut and translating shaft
Cost and qualificationQuote grinding, preload, inspection and integrationCompare a qualified catalog alternativeInclude custom rotor, bearing and validation cost
Architecture comparison. No matched ball-screw or inverted-screw ratings were verified; numeric superiority ratios are therefore not asserted.

For a cost-sensitive axis, compare a ball screw at the same duty and accepted backlash. For a rotor-integrated actuator, review an inverted layout. A shared nominal diameter is insufficient to claim a fixed load, acceleration or fatigue-life advantage.

Three reproducible hypothetical duty points

These are calculated examples, not customer deployments or endurance tests. They use the same model as the live tool. Values do not qualify medical, robotic or aerospace hardware.

A. Traveling-nut actuator

12×4, single nut; running / peak 2800 / 7500 N; 2400 RPM; stroke / span 65 / 140 mm; Fixed–supported (classic servo assembly); duty 45%.

Speed
160 mm/s
Load-only torque
2.003 N·m
Running life
1,610 h
Static factor
3.63
Buckling allowance
75.5 kN
Speed ceiling
13,333 RPM

Next step: Compare the fatigue estimate with the required life, then validate shock load, bearings and the actuator envelope. This does not establish robot durability.

B. Reversing precision axis

12×2, split nut; running / peak 3200 / 6800 N; 1500 RPM; stroke / span 90 / 180 mm; Fixed–fixed (maximum buckling & critical speed); duty 30%.

Speed
50 mm/s
Load-only torque
1.184 N·m
Running life
Not calculated — preload data needed
Static factor
1.97
Buckling allowance
95.9 kN
Speed ceiling
13,333 RPM

Next step: This duty does not meet the tool’s static-factor target of 2.0. Revise peak load or nut selection; provide preload and thermal data before calculating life.

C. Fine-lead dispenser axis

12×1, split nut; running / peak 4200 / 4500 N; 300 RPM; stroke / span 40 / 95 mm; Fixed–supported (classic servo assembly); duty 80%.

Speed
5 mm/s
Load-only torque
0.857 N·m
Running life
Not calculated — preload data needed
Static factor
2.78
Buckling allowance
180.9 kN
Speed ceiling
13,333 RPM

Next step: Fatigue life and assembly stiffness remain unknown. Validate preload drag, fluid-force transients and measured axis compliance before promising dispensing accuracy.

Wear, cost and application mismatch risks

Short-stroke review — validate the motion and lubrication togetherRecord motion cycleReview lubricationTest wear / enduranceStroke · reversal rate · load · temperature · idle vibrationChoose a validated interval and travel; no assumed life multiplier
No universal stroke threshold or flushing recipe is established. Validate lubricant compatibility, representative oscillation endurance and any redistribution motion with the supplier.
Review triggers and minimum next actions; no universal grease, service interval or stroke threshold is prescribed.
RiskMissing evidence / consequenceMinimum next step
Misuse: oscillation and short strokeFatigue life does not quantify fretting or lubricant starvation.Validate representative motion endurance; agree lubricant and redistribution motion with the supplier.
Misuse: lateral load and power lossSide force, moments or unreviewed holding loads can invalidate axial sizing.Use a verified guide/load path and validate the holding arrangement.
Cost: preload and custom materialsNo verified price, lead-time, coating or specialty-alloy uplift is available.Quote prototype and volume separately with inspection and qualification costs.
Mismatch: vacuum, cleanroom or corrosionNo assembly outgassing, cleanliness or environmental qualification is established here.Specify exposure and acceptance tests; obtain compatible material and lubricant evidence.
Mismatch: thermal and high-speed dutyTemperature rise, preload drag and loaded vibration are not simulated.Review thermal growth, bearing limits and a representative duty test.
Review triggers and minimum next actions; no universal grease, service interval or stroke threshold is prescribed.

The ≤2.5 mm short-stroke advisory and compression above 20% of Euler load are conservative review triggers in this tool. They are not sourced universal failure thresholds. Do not infer a safe stroke, flushing distance, cycle interval or wear-life multiplier from them.

Specify acceptance evidence before ordering

ISO 3408-3:2006 covers ball-screw acceptance conditions and tests. It does not automatically certify this roller-screw assembly. Agree any adopted test method and tolerance with the supplier; no ISO, DIN, flight or medical qualification is asserted on this page.

  • Define useful travel, lead deviation, repeatability, axial play and load-dependent stiffness separately.
  • Request a traceable inspection report, shaft-end and bearing interfaces, preload/drag record and material documentation.
  • Specify the environment and duty test, required sample quantity and pass criteria before production release.
Selection pathway from preliminary screen to releaseDefine full dutyScreen + drawing reviewAgree acceptance testDrawing + preload + bearings + environment + target life
The calculator prepares a review brief. Production release needs an agreed drawing, supplied-assembly ratings and application acceptance evidence.

Selection and integration FAQ

Architecture and selection

What does 12mm mean?

It is the nominal screw diameter, not the nut or actuator outside diameter. Check the complete nut, flange, bearings and motor dimensions on an approved drawing.

How does a planetary roller screw work?

Threaded rollers transmit axial force between the central screw and surrounding nut. In the standard RV architecture, end gearing synchronizes the rollers. The mechanism diagram is conceptual, not a manufacturing drawing.

Which lead should I choose?

At a fixed RPM, a larger lead gives more linear speed; at a fixed axial load it also requires more load torque. Compare the four sourced reference rows, motor speed and required travel before choosing.

Are these MicroRollerScrew stock ratings?

No. The named RV rows are third-party Rollvis catalog benchmarks. Availability, materials, ratings and dimensions for a supplied assembly require a quotation and drawing review.

Calculation and boundaries

What does L10 represent?

It is a nominal rolling-fatigue estimate at 90% survival for the specified constant-load single-nut model. It excludes wear, contamination, corrosion, shock damage and application qualification; it is not a warranty.

Why is split-nut life not calculated?

Internal preload changes the loads on both nut halves. Their individual fatigue lives and combined life require the actual preload and duty spectrum; substituting a lower catalog rating into the single-nut formula is insufficient.

What happens at zero load or zero RPM?

Zero running load suppresses fatigue life and gives zero load-only torque. Zero RPM gives zero speed and power and suppresses running-hour life. Neither state removes bearing drag, preload friction or holding-load requirements.

Is the displayed speed ceiling an approved operating speed?

No. It is the lower of the handbook dn limit and 80% of zero-load whirling speed for the selected support. Bearing limits, compression, journal geometry and real mounting stiffness still require review.

Integration and procurement

Does a preloaded nut guarantee sub-micron positioning?

No. Whole-axis positioning also depends on lead error, shaft and housing elasticity, bearings, feedback, temperature and controls. Request measured backlash, compliance and positioning acceptance criteria.

Is 2.5mm a universal short-stroke failure threshold?

No. It is a conservative review trigger used by this tool. Lubrication and wear depend on geometry and motion history; sweep distance and relubrication interval must be validated for the actual assembly.

Can a vertical axis rely on self-locking?

Do not assume the screw holds an external load when power is lost. Review backdriving and specify an independently validated holding arrangement for the machine and its operating conditions.

What should I send for CAD and RFQ review?

Send force and speed spectra, stroke and bearing span, mounting constraints, required life, backlash and stiffness targets, environment, quantity and timing. Use the calculator email brief, attach drawings in your mail client, or use the contact page.

Sources and evidence boundaries

Verified 2026-10-31. Original document editions below are distinguished from the verification date. Formulas and examples are preliminary calculations; no measured performance dataset is claimed.

  1. Rollvis RV product tables (2024 upload), printed pp. 24–25: selected single/split ratings, direct efficiencies and root diameters. The linked rows define the third-party benchmarks only.
  2. Rollvis satellite roller screw handbook (2018 edition): printed pp. 2–4 architecture; pp. 11–15 nominal life, compliance, zero-load speed and torque. Local screening factors and assumed steel properties are identified in the method section.
  3. ISO 3408-3:2006 official scope: ball-screw acceptance conditions and tests; linked to clarify scope, not to claim roller-screw certification.

Public evidence is insufficient here to establish assembly stiffness, acceleration limits, short-stroke endurance, coating benefits, specialty material availability, comparative price or shipment timing. These remain drawing- and application-specific review items.

Turn the screen into a drawing-review brief

Use the live tool’s email action to include the selected configuration and entered duty. Email opens your mail client; attach drawings there. If email is unavailable, use the contact page with the same inputs.